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抗生素

kàng shēng sù

HSK 7–9

Meaning

  • antibiotic

Definition

抗生素是指由微生物（包括细菌、真菌、放线菌属）或高等动植物在生活过程中所产生的具有抗病原体或其他活性的一类次级代谢产物，能干扰其他生活细胞发育功能的化学物质。

Antibiotics are a class of secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms (including bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) or higher plants and animals that have the ability to inhibit the growth of or destroy other living cells, primarily used to fight bacterial infections.

Usage

抗生素通常用于治疗细菌感染，如肺炎、尿路感染、皮肤感染等。使用时需按医嘱完成整个疗程，避免滥用导致细菌耐药性。

Antibiotics are commonly used to treat bacterial infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and skin infections. They should be taken as prescribed and the full course completed to avoid misuse that can lead to bacterial resistance.

Examples

  • 1 医生给我开了抗生素来治疗喉咙痛。 (The doctor prescribed me antibiotics to treat my sore throat.)
  • 2 滥用抗生素会导致细菌产生耐药性，使药物失效。 (Overuse of antibiotics can lead to bacterial resistance, rendering the drugs ineffective.)
  • 3 这种抗生素对革兰氏阳性菌有很好的效果。 (This antibiotic is effective against Gram-positive bacteria.)
  • 4 在服用抗生素期间，不要饮酒。 (Do not consume alcohol while taking antibiotics.)
  • 5 抗生素只能杀灭细菌，对病毒无效。 (Antibiotics can only kill bacteria, not viruses.)

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